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CSS Grid Layout Module
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CSS Grid Layout
The Grid Layout Module offers a grid-based layout system, with rows and columns.
The Grid Layout Module allows developers to easily create complex web layouts.
The Grid Layout Module makes it easier to design a responsive layout structure, without using float or positioning.
The CSS grid properties are supported in all modern browsers.
Grid vs. Flexbox
The CSS Grid Layout should be used for two-dimensional layout, with rows AND columns.
The CSS Flexbox Layout should be used for one-dimensional layout, with rows OR columns.
Grid Container and Grid Items
A grid layout consists of a parent element (the grid container), with one or more child elements.
All direct children of the grid container automatically become grid items.
Example
<div
class="container">
<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
<div>4</div>
<div>5</div>
<div>6</div>
<div>7</div>
<div>8</div>
</div>
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Display Grid Property
An HTML element becomes a grid container when its display property
is set to
grid or inline-grid.
Grid Columns
The vertical lines of grid items are called columns.
Grid Rows
The horizontal lines of grid items are called rows.
Grid Gaps
The spaces between each column/row are called gaps.
You can adjust the gap size by using one of the following properties:
column-gaprow-gapgap
The column-gap Property
The column-gap property specifies the gap
between the columns in a grid.
Example
Specify a 50 pixels gap between the columns in the grid:
.container {
display: grid;
column-gap: 50px;
}
The row-gap Property
The row-gap property specifies the gap
between the rows in a grid.
Example
Specify a 50 pixels gap between the rows in the grid:
.container {
display: grid;
row-gap: 50px;
}
The gap Property
The gap property is a shorthand property for
row-gap and
column-gap:
Example
Set the gap between rows to 50px, and the gap between columns to 100px in the grid:
.container {
display: grid;
gap: 50px 100px;
}
Example
Set the gap between rows and the columns to 50px in the grid:
.container {
display: grid;
gap: 50px;
}
Grid Lines
The lines between columns are called column lines.
The lines between rows are called row lines.
Refer to line numbers when placing a grid item in a grid container:
Example
Place a grid item at column line 1, and let it end on column line 3:
.item1 {
grid-column-start: 1;
grid-column-end: 3;
}
Example
Place a grid item at row line 1, and let it end on row line 3:
.item1 {
grid-row-start: 1;
grid-row-end: 3;
}
All CSS Grid Properties
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| column-gap | Specifies the gap between the columns |
| gap | A shorthand property for the row-gap and the column-gap properties |
| grid | A shorthand property for the grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns, grid-template-areas, grid-auto-rows, grid-auto-columns, and the grid-auto-flow properties |
| grid-area | Either specifies a name for the grid item, or this property is a shorthand property for the grid-row-start, grid-column-start, grid-row-end, and grid-column-end properties |
| grid-auto-columns | Specifies a default column size |
| grid-auto-flow | Specifies how auto-placed items are inserted in the grid |
| grid-auto-rows | Specifies a default row size |
| grid-column | A shorthand property for the grid-column-start and the grid-column-end properties |
| grid-column-end | Specifies where to end the grid item |
| grid-column-start | Specifies where to start the grid item |
| grid-row | A shorthand property for the grid-row-start and the grid-row-end properties |
| grid-row-end | Specifies where to end the grid item |
| grid-row-start | Specifies where to start the grid item |
| grid-template | A shorthand property for the grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns and grid-areas properties |
| grid-template-areas | Specifies how to display columns and rows, using named grid items |
| grid-template-columns | Specifies the size of the columns, and how many columns in a grid layout |
| grid-template-rows | Specifies the size of the rows in a grid layout |
| row-gap | Specifies the gap between the grid rows |
